Prepare the Chilies:
Toast dried chilies in a dry skillet over medium heat for 1–2 minutes until fragrant. Then soak in hot water for 10–15 minutes until softened.
Make the Adobo Sauce:
In a blender, combine softened chilies, tomato, garlic, onion, vinegar, cumin, oregano, cloves, and ½ cup broth. Blend until very smooth. Strain through a sieve if desired for a smoother sauce.
Sear the Chicken:
Season chicken with salt and pepper. Heat oil in a large skillet or Dutch oven over medium-high heat. Sear chicken on both sides until golden brown, about 3–4 minutes per side. Remove and set aside.
Simmer in Sauce:
Reduce heat to medium. Add the adobo sauce to the skillet and stir in remaining broth. Return chicken to the pan, cover, and simmer for 25–30 minutes, or until chicken is tender and cooked through.
Serve:
Garnish with chopped cilantro or red onion if desired. Serve with rice, beans, or warm tortillas.